The so-called battery is a kind of electrochemical equipment that stores chemical energy and emits electric energy when necessary. There are two kinds of common lead-acid batteries, one is water-added lead-acid battery, the other is maintenance free lead-acid battery. At the high end is the lithium battery, which we should all be familiar with and widely used in the more high-end industries. The electrode plate of ordinary battery is composed of lead and lead oxide, and the electrolyte is sulfuric acid aqueous solution. Its main advantages are stable voltage, low price, low specific energy, short service life and frequent routine maintenance. Due to the advantages of its own structure, the consumption of electrolyte of maintenance free battery is very small, so it is not necessary to supplement distilled water in its service life. It also has the characteristics of shock resistance, high temperature resistance, small volume and small self discharge. Generally, the service life of the battery is twice that of the ordinary battery. There are also two kinds of maintenance free batteries on the market: the first one is that the battery does not need to be maintained after one-time adding electrolyte when it is purchased (adding supplemental liquid); the other one is that the battery itself has been added with electrolyte and sealed when it leaves the factory, so the user cannot add supplemental liquid at all. Lithium battery is a kind of battery with lithium metal or lithium alloy as negative electrode material and non-aqueous electrolyte solution. Generally, manganese dioxide is used as positive material, lithium metal or its alloy metal as negative material, and non-aqueous electrolyte solution is used. Lithium battery can be roughly divided into two categories: lithium metal battery and lithium-ion battery. Its advantages are light weight, strong power storage capacity, high specific energy, high voltage, long cycle life, small self discharge and so on.
Avoid using high-power appliances when parking and waiting. High power electrical appliances include headlights, fog lights, warning lights and so on. Check that the headlights and the interior roof lights are off before you stop and leave. Generally speaking, a normal fully charged battery can make the headlight work for two hours. With the decrease of the rated capacity of the battery, the time that the headlamp can work normally is shorter. If the vehicle is not used for a long time, the negative pole of the battery should be pulled out. Especially in winter, due to the weak current consumption in the vehicle circuit system when the vehicle is parked, the battery will be exhausted when the vehicle is stationary for a long time. Therefore, for vehicles that are not used for a long time, we should unplug the negative pole of the battery to avoid the battery power consumption too fast.
After more than one year's use, the capacity and discharge capacity of the locomotive battery will be reduced. Generally, the service life of vehicle battery will not exceed 3 years. Of course, a well maintained battery will last longer. The maintenance free battery has no water hole and battery liquid level scale. We need to judge the state of the battery through the "magic eye" on the battery. If the magic eye is green, the battery is normal and fully charged; if the magic eye is black, the battery needs to be charged; if the magic eye is white, the battery needs to be replaced. The battery solution of lead-acid battery is a mixture of sulfuric acid and distilled water. When the battery is discharged, there will be more water and less sulfuric acid, which will reduce the density of the battery liquid; when charging, on the contrary, there will be less water and more sulfuric acid. The concentration of battery solution reflects the proportion of water and sulfuric acid in battery solution. The normal electrolyte density is 1.28 (summer) / 1.29-1.30 (winter) (unit: g / cm3). As airplane friends, we should check the battery liquid level regularly. When the battery liquid is insufficient, add distilled water to the appropriate level. After adding distilled water to the battery, we should check the density of the battery liquid and keep the density within a reasonable range at all times. Especially in winter, the locomotive will not be used for a long time, and the battery power will not be supplemented in time, resulting in chronic power loss. The best solution is to supplement the battery with electric energy every month (especially for those equipped with electronic equipment, if they don't ride for a long time, they must remove the negative pole of the battery and charge it every half a month). It's true that not everyone has a charger, and you don't think it's troublesome, so you might as well put the motorcycle on fire and charge it for a while, bake the car by the way, drive the tide and kill two birds with one stone.
After the locomotive is locked, in fact, the electronic system of the vehicle is also in the standby state, which will obtain weak current from the battery, so long-term use of the vehicle will also lead to battery power shortage. If the vehicle is found to be out of power for a short period of time, in addition to checking the battery condition, check whether the weak current is too large when the vehicle is stationary. The weak static current of the vehicle is probably caused by the grounding of the electrical circuit in the vehicle, or the energy consumption of the added electronic auxiliary equipment is too high. If it is not handled as soon as possible, it will lead to potential safety hazards. At the same time, the long-term over discharge of the battery will also shorten its life.